Pages

Wednesday, November 23, 2016

Exercises in Number Theory and Algebra (incomplete)

Exercise 1. Given integers d, q, a with $d | q $ and $gcd(a, d) = 1$. Prove that there exists an integer b such that $b \equiv a\ (mod\ d)$ and $gcd(b, q) = 1$.
Answer.
Not available yet.
Exercise 2. Prove that every group of order $p^2$, with $p$ is a prime, is an Abelian group.
Answer.
Not available yet.
Exercise 3. Given an algebraic integer $a$, it means that $a$ is a root of some monic polynomials with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}$. Prove that the map $f: \mathbb{Z}[x]\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}[a]$ maps $f(x)$ to $f(a)$ with ker is a principal ideal.
Answer.
Not available yet.
Exercise 4. Given an algebraic number $a$, it means that $a$ is a root of some polynomials with coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}$. $R$ is a subring of $Q(a)$ and $I$ is a proper ideal of $R$. Prove that the intersection between $I$ and $\mathbb{Z}$ is always different from $\{0\}$.
Answer.
Not available yet.
Exercise 5. Given G is a finite an Abelian group, $\mathbb{C}$ is the set of complex numbers. Denote $L^2(G)$ is a vector space of functions from G to $\mathbb{C}$, with equipped addition and multiplication: $(f_1+f_2)(g) = f_1(g) + f_2(g)$, $(cf_1)(g) = cf_1(g)$ for all $c \in \mathbb{C}$, $g \in G$ and $f_1, f_2 \in L^2(G)$. Define the inner product for $L^2(G)$: $<f_1,f_2> = \sum_{g\in G} f_1(g)\overline{f_2(g)}$.
   1. Prove that $L^2(G)$ is a vector space with dimension $|G|$, and verify the inner product defined above is well-defined.
   2. Point out an orthonormal basis of $L^2(G)$.
   3. Let $Hom(G, \mathbb{C}^\times)$ is the set of homomorphisms from $G$ to the multiplication group $\mathbb{C}^\times$. Prove that $Hom(G, \mathbb{C}^\times) \cong G$ and the set $Hom(G, \mathbb{C}^\times)$ is an orthogonal basis of $L^2(G)$.
Answer.
Not available yet.
I will update new problems in this blog. I feel these problems are quite hard, if anyone has I solution, please discuss it with me or give me a way to solve. Thank you!

4 comments:

  1. Have no idea about the first one but the second one is quite easy. We can have a better statement than that by classifying the group. If group G has order p^2 then it is isomorphic to $Z_p\times Z_p$ or $Z_{p^2}$. Both cases, G is abelian. Now how to classify G. By look into the order of elements of G, if there is an element of order $p^2$ hence G is cyclic of order $p^2$. Otherwise, every non-identity elements of $G$ has order $p$ hence G is isomorphic to $Z_p\times Z_p$.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. This comment has been removed by the author.

      Delete
    2. Thanks for your proof, Mr. Tuan. I will read and try to understand what you wrote. After that, I will update the solution.
      I have updated new exercises in this blog, hope you enjoy it.
      Regards,
      Tang Khai Hanh

      Delete
    3. The last sentence of Mr. Tuan can be understood by choosing an element $a$ of order $p$, then consider the cyclic group generated by $a$. Pick any element outside this, namely $b$. Then we next prove that the two cyclic groups generated by $a$ and $b$ intersects only at the identity element. It gives the explicit group structure.

      Delete